diff --git a/src/std/cast.rs b/src/std/cast.rs
index 8ada93b..670f183 100644
--- a/src/std/cast.rs
+++ b/src/std/cast.rs
@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
 //!
 //! p.s. the implementation is horrific.
 
+use std::convert::identity;
+
 use super::typeless::*;
 use crate::core::*;
 use crate::std::*;
@@ -107,15 +109,23 @@ impl<'a, Ctx: Context> TypelessMentionable<'a, Ctx>
 where
     Ctx::LookupError<'a>: From<CastError<'a>>,
 {
-    /// Re-parse the object as if it is of a specific type. Has potential to break topology.
-    pub fn cast<A: Mentionable<'a, Ctx>>(&self, factory: A::Fctr) -> CastResult<'a, Ctx, A> {
+    pub fn cast_full<A: Mentionable<'a, Ctx>>(
+        &self,
+        factory: A::Fctr,
+        map_resolver: impl FnOnce(Rc<dyn Resolver<'a, Ctx>>) -> Rc<dyn Resolver<'a, Ctx>>,
+    ) -> CastResult<'a, Ctx, A> {
         factory.parse_slice(
             &self.bytes(),
-            Rc::new(CastResolver {
+            map_resolver(Rc::new(CastResolver {
                 points: self.points_vec(),
-            }),
+            })),
         )
     }
+
+    /// Re-parse the object as if it is of a specific type. Has potential to break topology.
+    pub fn cast<A: Mentionable<'a, Ctx>>(&self, factory: A::Fctr) -> CastResult<'a, Ctx, A> {
+        self.cast_full(factory, identity)
+    }
 }
 
 impl<'a, Ctx: Context> Point<'a, Ctx, TypelessMentionable<'a, Ctx>>
diff --git a/src/std/collections/stack.rs b/src/std/collections/stack.rs
index 2c8cef7..0f9c560 100644
--- a/src/std/collections/stack.rs
+++ b/src/std/collections/stack.rs
@@ -206,16 +206,19 @@ where
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
+    use std::rc::Rc;
+
     use super::*;
     use crate::std::atomic::atomic_object::*;
     use crate::std::atomic::plain::*;
+    use crate::testing::counted::*;
     use crate::testing::*;
 
-    type T = Stack<'static, TestContext, AtomicObject<Plain>>;
+    type T<Ctx> = Stack<'static, Ctx, AtomicObject<Plain>>;
 
     fn unstack(
-        stack: &T,
-    ) -> Result<Vec<Vec<u8>>, StackFaiure<'static, TestContext, AtomicObject<Plain>>> {
+        stack: &T<TestContextPlain>,
+    ) -> Result<Vec<Vec<u8>>, StackFaiure<'static, TestContextPlain, AtomicObject<Plain>>> {
         Ok(stack
             .clone()
             .vec()?
@@ -224,32 +227,43 @@ mod tests {
             .collect())
     }
 
-    fn make_stack() -> T {
-        let stack: T = Stack::empty(Plain::f());
+    fn make_stack<Ctx: 'static + Context>() -> T<Ctx> {
+        let stack: T<Ctx> = Stack::empty(Plain::f());
 
-        let stack: T = stack.add(Plain::from_slice(b"A0").into());
-        let stack: T = stack.add(Plain::from_slice(b"B1").into());
-        let stack: T = stack.add(Plain::from_slice(b"C2").into());
+        let stack: T<Ctx> = stack.add(Plain::from_slice(b"A0").into());
+        let stack: T<Ctx> = stack.add(Plain::from_slice(b"B1").into());
+        let stack: T<Ctx> = stack.add(Plain::from_slice(b"C2").into());
 
         stack
     }
 
-    fn validate_stack(stack: &T) {
+    fn validate_stack(stack: &T<TestContextPlain>) {
         let mut vec: Vec<Vec<u8>> = unstack(stack).unwrap();
         vec.reverse();
         assert_eq!(vec, vec![b"A0".to_vec(), b"B1".to_vec(), b"C2".to_vec()]);
     }
 
     #[test]
-    fn test_stack() -> Result<(), StackFaiure<'static, TestContext, AtomicObject<Plain>>> {
-        let stack: T = make_stack();
+    fn test_stack() -> Result<(), StackFaiure<'static, TestContextPlain, AtomicObject<Plain>>> {
+        let stack: T<TestContextPlain> = make_stack();
 
         validate_stack(&stack);
 
-        let stack: T = reparse(stack.into());
+        let stack: T<TestContextPlain> = reparse(stack.into());
 
         validate_stack(&stack);
 
         Ok(())
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_counted() -> Result<(), point::PointParseError> {
+        let stack: T<TestContextCounted> = make_stack();
+        let count = stack.clone().vec().count();
+        assert_eq!(count, 0);
+        let stack: T<TestContextCounted> = Rc::new(stack).delay()?;
+        let count = stack.clone().vec().count();
+        assert_eq!(count, 3);
+        Ok(())
+    }
 }
diff --git a/src/testing.rs b/src/testing.rs
index 7028d30..455452a 100644
--- a/src/testing.rs
+++ b/src/testing.rs
@@ -1,13 +1,15 @@
+pub mod counted;
+
 use std::error::Error;
 use std::fmt::Display;
 use std::rc::Rc;
 
 use crate::core::*;
 use crate::func::*;
-use crate::std::cast::CastError;
+use crate::std::cast::*;
 use sha2::{Digest, Sha256};
 
-pub struct TestContext;
+pub struct TestContextPlain;
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub enum TestLookupError<'a> {
@@ -47,7 +49,7 @@ impl<'a> Display for TestLookupError<'a> {
 
 impl<'a> Error for TestLookupError<'a> {}
 
-impl Context for TestContext {
+impl Context for TestContextPlain {
     type T = classes::solo::SoloClass;
 
     type LookupError<'a> = TestLookupError<'a>;
@@ -61,13 +63,13 @@ impl Context for TestContext {
 
 pub struct EmptyResolver;
 
-impl<'a> Resolver<'a, TestContext> for EmptyResolver {
-    fn resolve(self: std::rc::Rc<Self>, address: Address) -> HashResolution<'a, TestContext> {
+impl<'a> Resolver<'a, TestContextPlain> for EmptyResolver {
+    fn resolve(self: std::rc::Rc<Self>, address: Address) -> HashResolution<'a, TestContextPlain> {
         Err(TestLookupError::EmptyResolverAccess(address))
     }
 }
 
-pub fn reparse<'a, A: Mentionable<'a, TestContext>>(mentionable: Rc<A>) -> A {
+pub fn reparse<'a, A: Mentionable<'a, TestContextPlain>>(mentionable: Rc<A>) -> A {
     let factory = mentionable.factory();
     TypelessMentionable::from_typed(mentionable)
         .cast(factory)
diff --git a/src/testing/counted.rs b/src/testing/counted.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d1075c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/testing/counted.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+use std::cmp::max;
+
+use super::*;
+use crate::core::*;
+use crate::func::*;
+
+pub struct TestContextCounted;
+
+impl Context for TestContextCounted {
+    type T = CountedClass;
+
+    type LookupError<'a> = TestLookupError<'a>;
+
+    fn hash(s: &[u8]) -> Hash {
+        TestContextPlain::hash(s)
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct CountedClass;
+
+pub struct Counted<A> {
+    a: A,
+    n: usize,
+}
+
+trait WithCount: Sized {
+    fn with_count(self, n: usize) -> Counted<Self>;
+}
+
+impl<A> WithCount for A {
+    fn with_count(self, n: usize) -> Counted<Self> {
+        Counted { a: self, n }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<A> Counted<A> {
+    fn add(self, n: usize) -> Self {
+        Counted {
+            a: self.a,
+            n: self.n + n,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn count(&self) -> usize {
+        self.n
+    }
+}
+
+impl WeakFunctor for CountedClass {
+    type F<'a, A: 'a> = Counted<A>;
+}
+
+impl Functor for CountedClass {
+    fn fmap<'a, A: 'a, B: 'a>(f: impl 'a + FnOnce(A) -> B, fa: Self::F<'a, A>) -> Self::F<'a, B>
+    where
+        Self: 'a,
+    {
+        f(fa.a).with_count(fa.n)
+    }
+
+    fn replace<'a, A: 'a, B: 'a>(fa: Self::F<'a, A>, b: B) -> Self::F<'a, B>
+    where
+        Self: 'a,
+    {
+        b.with_count(fa.n)
+    }
+
+    fn void<'a, A: 'a>(fa: Self::F<'a, A>) -> Self::F<'a, ()>
+    where
+        Self: 'a,
+    {
+        ().with_count(fa.n)
+    }
+}
+
+impl ApplicativeSeq for CountedClass {
+    fn seq<'a, A: 'a, B: 'a>(
+        ff: Self::F<'a, impl 'a + FnOnce(A) -> B>,
+        fa: Self::F<'a, A>,
+    ) -> Self::F<'a, B>
+    where
+        Self: 'a,
+    {
+        (ff.a)(fa.a).with_count(max(ff.n, fa.n))
+    }
+}
+
+impl ApplicativeLA2 for CountedClass {
+    fn la2<'a, A: 'a, B: 'a, C: 'a>(
+        f: impl 'a + FnOnce(A, B) -> C,
+        fa: Self::F<'a, A>,
+        fb: Self::F<'a, B>,
+    ) -> Self::F<'a, C>
+    where
+        Self: 'a,
+    {
+        f(fa.a, fb.a).with_count(max(fa.n, fb.n))
+    }
+}
+
+impl ApplicativeTuple for CountedClass {
+    fn tuple<'a, A: 'a, B: 'a>((fa, fb): (Self::F<'a, A>, Self::F<'a, B>)) -> Self::F<'a, (A, B)>
+    where
+        Self: 'a,
+    {
+        (fa.a, fb.a).with_count(max(fa.n, fb.n))
+    }
+}
+
+impl Applicative for CountedClass {
+    fn pure<'a, A: 'a>(a: A) -> Self::F<'a, A> {
+        a.with_count(0)
+    }
+
+    fn discard_first<'a, A: 'a, B: 'a>(fa: Self::F<'a, A>, fb: Self::F<'a, B>) -> Self::F<'a, B>
+    where
+        Self: 'a,
+    {
+        fb.a.with_count(max(fa.n, fb.n))
+    }
+
+    fn discard_second<'a, A: 'a, B: 'a>(fa: Self::F<'a, A>, fb: Self::F<'a, B>) -> Self::F<'a, A>
+    where
+        Self: 'a,
+    {
+        fa.a.with_count(max(fa.n, fb.n))
+    }
+}
+
+impl Monad for CountedClass {
+    fn bind<'a, A: 'a, B: 'a>(
+        fa: Self::F<'a, A>,
+        f: impl 'a + FnOnce(A) -> Self::F<'a, B>,
+    ) -> Self::F<'a, B>
+    where
+        Self: 'a,
+    {
+        f(fa.a).add(fa.n)
+    }
+
+    fn ibind<'a, A: 'a, B: 'a>(
+        mut a: A,
+        mut f: impl 'a + FnMut(A) -> Self::F<'a, IState<A, B>>,
+    ) -> Self::F<'a, B>
+    where
+        Self: 'a,
+    {
+        let mut n = 0;
+        loop {
+            let fa = f(a);
+            n += fa.n;
+            match fa.a {
+                IState::Pending(next_a) => a = next_a,
+                IState::Done(b) => return b.with_count(n),
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn join<'a, A: 'a>(ffa: Self::F<'a, Self::F<'a, A>>) -> Self::F<'a, A>
+    where
+        Self::F<'a, A>: 'a,
+        Self: 'a,
+    {
+        ffa.a.add(ffa.n)
+    }
+}
+
+struct CountedResolver<'a> {
+    resolver: Rc<dyn Resolver<'a, TestContextCounted>>,
+}
+
+impl<'a> CountedResolver<'a> {
+    fn new(
+        resolver: Rc<dyn Resolver<'a, TestContextCounted>>,
+    ) -> Rc<dyn Resolver<'a, TestContextCounted>> {
+        Rc::new(Self { resolver })
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> Resolver<'a, TestContextCounted> for CountedResolver<'a> {
+    fn resolve(self: Rc<Self>, address: Address) -> HashResolution<'a, TestContextCounted> {
+        CountedClass::fmap(
+            |resolved| {
+                let (src, resolver) = resolved?;
+                let delayed: Rc<dyn Resolver<'a, TestContextCounted>> =
+                    Rc::new(CountedResolver { resolver });
+                Ok((src, delayed))
+            },
+            self.resolver.clone().resolve(address),
+        )
+        .add(1)
+    }
+}
+
+pub trait Delayable<'a>: Mentionable<'a, TestContextCounted> + Sized {
+    fn delay(self: Rc<Self>) -> CastResult<'a, TestContextCounted, Self>;
+}
+
+impl<'a, A: Mentionable<'a, TestContextCounted>> Delayable<'a> for A {
+    fn delay(self: Rc<Self>) -> CastResult<'a, TestContextCounted, Self> {
+        let factory = self.factory();
+        TypelessMentionable::from_typed(self).cast_full(factory, CountedResolver::new)
+    }
+}